ETYMA GRAECA

AN ETYMOLOGICAL LEXICON OF CLASSICAL GREEK

by

EDWARD ROSS WHARTON, M.A.

lecturer and late fellow of jesus college, oxford

PERCIVAL AND CO.

KING STREET, COVENT GARDEN, LONDON

1890

Preface

OF the 41,000 words used by Greek authors down to 300 b.c. about seven-eighths are derivatives or compounds, and their formation is sufficiently explained in Liddell and Scott’s Lexicon: the remaining 5000 form the subject of the present work. In Part I. they are arranged alphabetically, in Part II. according to the etymological processes involved in them.

Proper names are here excluded, unless such as disguise their real character, ἀχάτης ἀχερωΐς ἕρμαιον ἰασιώνη καρχήσιον καυνός κιμμερικόν κρησφύγετον πιττάκιον σάρδα τηλέφιον and perhaps βατύλη βρίκελος λιβυός φορμύνιος. The words are mostly given in their older forms: many of the Homeric forms however are probably only due to the metre, not genuine archaisms. Dialectic forms—Laconian ἄικλον ἀποπυδαρίζω δωμός λισσάνιος πλαδδιάω ῥυάχετος σιώκολλος χάιος, Sicilian ἀμφίας βατάνη κύβιτον λίτρα μοῖτος νοῦμμος ὀγκία, Aeolic ἄμπελος ἀπέρωπος ἄσπαλος βράκος πέπλος σαβακός, from other dialects ἀμάμαξυς ἀρβύλη ἄτερπνος βύσταξ γνάφαλος δεῖνος καπάνη κοσκυλμάτια μνοία μοκλός μύκλος περίστια σατίνη σαυσαρισμός τιθαιβώσσω τραύξανα ὕφεαρ—are marked as such in Part I., and their peculiarities belong properly to the province of Greek Grammar. For convenience’ sake the alphabetical order is sometimes slightly broken, and a word will be found a few lines above its just place.

The articles on loan-words are put in brackets (and so with loan-words throughout). Of these words 161 are by-forms, 480 root-words; and of 134 of the latter the originals can be given. The Persian equivalents I owe to Mr. Redhouse, the Hebrew and Aramaic to Dr. M. Friedländer: the Coptic is from Peyron.

Of the native Greek words:—

(1) about 520 are of doubtful or unknown origin, many of them indeed possibly foreign. Of some, ἀνωόμενος κάτωρ πήκασμα χάλανδρος, not even the meaning is known:

(2) about 2180 are derivatives compounds or by-forms of the words mentioned in the next paragraph, and after each of them are given the words with which it is connected. Some forms are due to false readings, θυλάγροικος περιχαμπτά; some to false division of words, αἶα εἴβω ἠβαιός νηγατέος νήδυμος ὀκρυόεις; some to false analogy, ἀγαυρός ἕκαστος-ἑκατόν-ἕτερος ἐνίπτω B. ἐπήβολος ἴτηλος κέαρ μελάγχιμος ὄχα περιώσιος; some to false etymology, ἀμφίσβαινα ἀνδράποδον βοσκάς δύσκηλος κηκίβαλος μεγακήτης μεταχρόνιος νέποδες τανηλεγής ψάκαλα:

(3) the remaining 1580 words have cognates in other Indoceltic languages. Where possible these are given from Latin, Irish, Gothic, Lithuanian, and Sanskrit; the Armenian and Zend forms being mentioned only when they have any independent value. The following list of languages quoted gives in each case the authority in ...