FUNDAMENTALISTS in the PUBLIC SQUARE

Evolution, Alcohol, and Culture Wars after the Scopes Trial

MADISON TRAMMEL

STUDIES IN HISTORICAL AND SYSTEMATIC THEOLOGY

Fundamentalists in the Public Square: Evolution, Alcohol, and Culture Wars after the Scopes Trial

Studies in Historical and Systematic Theology

Copyright 2023 Madison Trammel

Lexham Academic, an imprint of Lexham Press

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Unless otherwise noted, Scripture quotations are the author’s own translation or are from the ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway Bibles, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Print ISBN 9781683597186

Digital ISBN 9781683597193

Library of Congress Control Number 2023935085

Lexham Editorial: Todd Hains, Allisyn Ma, Katy Smith, Mandi Newell

Cover Design: Joshua Hunt

To Asher and Kai

CONTENTS

Acknowledgments

Introduction

1. Fundamentalist Historiography and the Peculiarity of Interwar Fundamentalism

2. Fundamentalism, Evolution, and Newspaper Reporting (1920–1933)

3. Fundamentalism, Alcohol, and Newspaper Reporting (1920–1933)

4. Fundamentalist Social Action and Dispensationalist Theology

5. Conclusion

Appendix: Alphabetical Listing of Newspapers

Bibliography

Subject & Author Index

Scripture Index

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

This project started as a dissertation, accompanied by all the pain, uncertainty, and joy common to that endeavor, before settling more comfortably into its current form. Those who shepherded me through the dissertation phase deserve much thanks, especially Jason Duesing and John Woodbridge, my supervisors, who pointed me in the fruitful direction of newspaper studies and offered helpful corrections along the way. Any weaknesses in the book are uniquely mine, of course, and remain despite their best efforts.

I must also acknowledge fellow PhD students in historical theology at Midwestern Baptist Theological Seminary who both encouraged me and challenged me with the quality of their research and writing. Many of them have since published their own dissertations or other works of scholarship. To name just a few, Jesse Payne, Geoff Chang, Mark Fugitt, Jenny-Lyn de Klerk, Ronni Kurtz, Sam Parkison, and Camden Pulliam, I appreciate your work and am grateful for the opportunity to study alongside you for a time.

Devin Maddox, my director at B&H Publishing, granted me salaried, non-vacation time to complete this book, for which I will forever be grateful. His commitment to fostering a healthy work-life balance for others is both admirable and worthy of imitation.

Finally, I want to thank my wife, Regina, and sons, Asher and Kai, for the good cheer, opinionated conversation, and consistent love and support they bring to our home. May ...

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About Fundamentalists in the Public Square: Evolution, Alcohol, and Culture Wars after the Scopes Trial

A myth-busting work on fundamentalists and culture.

The Scopes Trial of 1925 is often regarded as a turning point in the history of American fundamentalism and evangelicalism. It is claimed that Scopes was a public relations defeat that sent fundamentalism into retreat from mainstream culture.

In Fundamentalists in the Public Square: Evolution, Alcohol, and the Culture Wars after the Scopes Trial, Madison Trammel argues that such a characterization is misguided. Using documentary evidence from newspapers in the 1920s and 1930s, Trammel shows that fundamentalists remained fully active in seeking to transform the culture for Christ, and they remained so through the rise of Billy Graham’s ministry.

Grounded in historical evidence, Fundamentalists in the Public Square offers a fresh take on the relationship between fundamentalism, evangelicalism, and the public square.

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