A BACKGROUND AND APPLICATION COMMENTARY
REVELATION
THROUGH OLD TESTAMENT EYES
Tremper Longman III
ANDREW T. LE PEAU
SERIES EDITOR
Revelation Through Old Testament Eyes: A Background and Application Commentary
© 2022 by Tremper Longman III
Published by Kregel Academic, an imprint of Kregel Publications, 2450 Oak Industrial Dr. NE, Grand Rapids, MI 49505-6020.
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All Scripture quotations, unless otherwise indicated, are from the Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com
Scripture quotations marked CSB have been taken from the Christian Standard Bible®, Copyright © 2017 by Holman Bible Publishers. Used by permission. Christian Standard Bible® and CSB® are federally registered trademarks of Holman Bible Publishers.
Scripture quotations marked ESV are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations marked NAB are from the New American Bible. Copyright © 1970, 1986, 1991 by Confraternity of Christian Doctrine. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations marked NLT are from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996, 2004, 2007 by Tyndale House Foundation. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Carol Stream, Illinois 60188. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations marked NRSV are from the New Revised Standard Version Bible, copyright © 1989 by the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations marked RSV are from the Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1946, 1952, and 1971 by the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U.S.A. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
ISBN 978-0-8254-4473-9
Through Old Testament Eyes
Series Editor: Andrew T. Le Peau
To my six beautiful granddaughters
Gabrielle Gagnon Longman
Mia Katherine Longman
Ava Rae Longman
Emerson Foster Longman
Samantha Tremper Longman
Lydia Eastwick Longman
Introduction and Main Theme of the Book of Revelation
List of What the Structure Means
List of Through Old Testament Eyes
The New Testament writers were Old Testament people. Their minds were populated with Old Testament stories and concepts. Their imaginative world was furnished with Old Testament images, motifs, metaphors, symbols, and literary patterns. When Jesus came and turned much of their conventional ...
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About Revelation through Old Testament Eyes: A Background and Application CommentaryThe book of Revelation simply cannot be understood apart from the Old Testament. Through Old Testament Eyes is a new kind of commentary series that illuminates the Old Testament backgrounds, allusions, patterns, and references saturating the New Testament. The structure and content of the Old Testament were second nature to the New Testament authors and their audiences, but today’s readers have no reference point for understanding their intricate role in the New Testament. Bible teachers, preachers, and students committed to understanding Scripture will gain insight through these rich Old Testament connections, which clarify puzzling passages and explain others in fresh ways. The images of Revelation—like a seven-sealed scroll, four horsemen bringing destruction and death, locusts from the Abyss, and more—often seem hopelessly complex to today’s readers and have led to egregious misunderstanding and misinterpretations. But as Tremper Longman demonstrates in Revelation through Old Testament Eyes, this confusion arises from unfamiliarity with symbolism that Revelation’s first readers readily comprehended. In large part, the imagery arises from first-century AD Greco-Roman culture and from the Old Testament, with its own background in ancient Near Eastern literature. Through its unmistakable Old Testament connections, Revelation exhorts readers to persevere in the present and place their hope in God for the future. Avoiding overly technical discussions and interpretive debates to concentrate on Old Testament influences, Revelation through Old Testament Eyes combines rigorous, focused New Testament scholarship with deep respect for the entire biblical text. |
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