The Letters to

TIMOTHY

and

TITUS

Robert W. Yarbrough

William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

Grand Rapids, Michigan

APOLLOS

London, England

© 2018 Robert W. Yarbrough

All rights reserved

Published 2018 in the United States by

Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.

4035 Park East Court SE, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49546

www.eerdmans.com

and in the United Kingdom by

APOLLOS (an imprint of Inter-Varsity Press)

36 Causton St, Westminster, London SW1P 4ST, England

www.ivpbooks.com

ISBN 978-0-8028-3733-2

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Yarbrough, Robert W., author.

Title: The letters to Timothy and Titus / Robert W. Yarbrough.

Description: Grand Rapids : Eerdmans Publishing Co., 2018. | Series: The Pillar

New Testament commentary | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2018007807 | ISBN 9780802837332 (hardcover : alk. paper)

Subjects: LCSH: Bible. Pastoral epistles—Commentaries.

Classification: LCC BS2735.53 .Y37 2018 | DDC 227/.8307—dc23

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018007807

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

ISBN 978-1-78359-733-8

Unless otherwise noted, Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®, NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com. The “NIV” and “New International Version” are trademarks registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Biblica, Inc.™

The Pillar New Testament Commentary

General Editor

D. A. CARSON

For Bernie

γυνὴ πιστὴ καὶ συνεργὸς ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ

Contents

List of Tables

Editor’s Preface

Author’s Preface

Abbreviations

Bibliography

INTRODUCTION

I. The Pastoral Heritage and the Pastoral Epistles: Eight Theses

II. History, Exegesis, and Theology: The Primacy of God in the PE

III. God the Father in the PE

A. God the Father in 1 Timothy

B. God the Father in 2 Timothy

C. God the Father in Titus

IV. God the Son in the PE

A. Jesus in 1 Timothy

B. Jesus in 2 Timothy

C. Jesus in Titus

V. God the Spirit and His Fruit in the PE

A. The Spirit in the PE

B. The Spirit’s Work in the PE

VI. Paul as Working Pastor: Exposing an Open Ethical Secret

A. Introduction

B. The Prominence of Work in the PE

C. Paul as Worker: Contemporary Discussion

D. Concluding Observations

VII. Places and Their Connection with the PE

A. Ephesus

B. Crete

VIII. People in the PE

A. Titus

B. Timothy

C. Paul

IX. Key Terms and Phrases in the PE

A. Savior, Salvation

B. Godliness

C. Trustworthy Sayings

D. Sound Doctrine

X. Questions of Introduction

A. The Orientation of This Commentary

B. The Authorship Question

C. A Pre-New Look Vantage Point

D. Pauline Authorship of the PE in Global Christian Perspective

THE LETTER OF 1 TIMOTHY

THE TEXT AND TITLE OF 1 TIMOTHY

COMMENTARY ON 1 TIMOTHY

I. Greeting (1:1–2)

II. Rallying Timothy’s Resolve (1:3–20)

A. Timothy Charged to Oppose False ...