New Testament Foundations

An Introduction for Students

Ralph P. Martin

and

Carl N. Toney

CASCADE Books • Eugene, Oregon

NEW TESTAMENT FOUNDATIONS

An Introduction for Students

Copyright © 2018 Wipf and Stock Publishers. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in critical publications or reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Write: Permissions, Wipf and Stock Publishers, 199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3, Eugene, OR 97401.

Cascade Books

An Imprint of Wipf and Stock Publishers

199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3

Eugene, OR 97401

www.wipfandstock.com

paperback isbn: 978-1-62032-088-4

hardcover isbn: 978-1-4982-8713-5

ebook isbn: 978-1-5326-6828-9

Cataloguing-in-Publication data:

Names: Martin, Ralph P., author. | Toney, Carl N., author.

Title: New Testament foundations : an introduction for students / by Ralph P. Martin and Carl N. Toney.

Description: Eugene, OR: Cascade Books, 2018 | Includes bibliographical references.

Identifiers: isbn 978-1-62032-088-4 (paperback) | isbn 978-1-4982-8713-5 (hardcover) | isbn 978-1-5326-6828-9 (ebook)

Subjects: LCSH: Bible. New Testament—Introductions.

Classification: lcc bs2330.2 n48 2018

In memory of

T. W. Manson

(1893–1958)

and

Ralph P. Martin

(1925–2013)

To the future of

Zoe, Augustine,

Paxton, and Eden

Contents

List of Images, Maps, and Charts

Permissions

Preface to Revised and Expanded Edition

Abbreviations

Part One: Introduction and Backgrounds

1. Introduction: Scripture as God’s Action in History

2. The Text of the New Testament: Textual Criticism

3. The Historical and Political Background of Second Temple Judaism

4. Second Temple Judaism’s Beliefs and Practices

5. Second Temple Jewish Literature

6. The Social-Political Framework of the Roman Empire

7. The Greco-Roman Religious and Philosophical Framework

Part Two: The Gospels and Acts

8. What to Look For in the Gospels

9. The Synoptic Problem

10. Early Traditions About Jesus

11. The Gospels and the Historical Jesus

12. Mark’s Suffering Son of Man

13. Matthew’s Gospel for the Church

14. Luke: God Keeps Promises

15. John: The Son of God’s Abiding Love

16. Acts of the Apostles: The Growth of the Church

Part Three: Pauline Epistles

17. What to Look For in the Epistles

18. Letter Writing and Paul

19. The Life and Theology of Paul

20. 1-2 Thessalonians: Persecution and Parousia

21. Galatians: Paul’s Struggle for the Gentile Church

22. Philippians: Paul and His Friends

23. Colossians and Crisis

24. Christianity and Slavery in Philemon

25. Reconciliation and the Apostle of Weakness in 1-2 Corinthians

26. Romans: Paul’s Missionary Manifesto

27. Christ and the Church in the Ephesian Epistle

28. The Pastorals and the Close of Paul’s Life

Part Four: Other New Testament Writings

29. The Pilgrim People of God in the Epistle to the Hebrews

30. Christianity According to 1 Peter

31. The Epistle of James and Jewish Christianity

32. Jude’s Contending for the Faith

33. Early Catholicism and 2 Peter

34. Johannine ...

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About New Testament Foundations: An Introduction for Students

Drawing upon over fifty years of scholarly experience of one of the most industrious contemporary scholars, this work, which was first published in 1975, has been revised, updated, and expanded to offer a fresh, in-depth introduction to the New Testament for today’s students. Students will be immersed into the world of the first century, learning about both Greco-Roman and Jewish backgrounds. While discussing the fundamental questions surrounding the content of each book including its authorship, audience, and message, this work also engages with the wider historical-critical discussion, helping students navigate the wider world of modern New Testament scholarship.

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Table of Contents