Encyclopedia of Ancient Christianity
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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ANCIENT CHRISTIANITY

Produced by the Institutum Patristicum Augustinianum

general editor

Angelo Di Berardino

consulting editors

Thomas C. Oden

Joel C. Elowsky

project editor

James Hoover

principal translators

Joseph T. Papa

Erik A. Koenke

Eric E. Hewett

An imprint of InterVarsity Press

Downers Grove, Illinois

InterVarsity Press

P.O. Box 1400, Downers Grove, IL 60515-1426

Internet: www.ivpress.com

Email: email@ivpress.com

English Translation ©2014 InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA

Translated from the Italian Nuovo dizionario patristico e di antichità cristiane, 3 volumes, ©2006–2008 Casa Editrice Marietti, S.p.A., Genova-Milano. Published in the United States of America by InterVarsity Press, Downers Grove, Illinois, with permission from Casa Editrice Marietti.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form without written permission from InterVarsity Press.

InterVarsity Press® is the book-publishing division of InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA®, a movement of students and faculty active on campus at hundreds of universities, colleges and schools of nursing in the United States of America, and a member movement of the International Fellowship of Evangelical Students. For information about local and regional activities, write Public Relations Dept., InterVarsity Christian Fellowship/USA, 6400 Schroeder Rd., P.O. Box 7895, Madison, WI 53707-7895, or visit the IVCF website at www.intervarsity.org.

BWHEBB, BWHEBL, BWTRANSH [Hebrew]; BWGRKL, BWGRKN, and BWGRKI [Greek] PostScript® Type 1 and TrueType fonts Copyright ©1994–2013 BibleWorks, LLC. All rights reserved. These Biblical Greek and Hebrew fonts are used with permission and are from BibleWorks (www.bibleworks.com).

Design: Cindy Kiple

Cover image: Christ and the Apostles (I am the life), Icon at De Agostini Library. G. Dagli Orti, The Bridgeman Art Library

ISBN 978-0-8308-9717-9 (digital)

ISBN 978-0-8308-2940-8 (Vol. 1)

ISBN 978-0-8308-2941-5 (Vol. 2)

ISBN 978-0-8308-2942-2 (Vol. 3)

ISBN 978-0-8308-2943-9 (set of 3 vols.)

InterVarsity Press

PROJECT STAFF

Senior Editor/Project Editor

James Hoover

Managing Editor

Benjamin M. McCoy

Copyeditors

Jeffrey A. Reimer

Susan Carlson Wood

Additional Translators

Lewis Berry, C.O.

Jeffrey Paul Orrell

Peter Knuffke

Joshua Furnal

Brother Richard A. Bailey

John Taylor Carr and Lydia Brooke Carr

Editorial & Administrative Assistants

Rebecca Carhart

Allison Rieck

Rachel Neftzer Snavely

Claire VanderVelde

Design

Cindy Kiple

Content Production

Kirsten Pott

Maureen G. Tobey

Jeanna L. Wiggins

Proofreaders

Jeffrey A. Reimer

Michael D. Gibson

Publisher

Robert A. Fryling

Associate Publisher for Editorial

Andrew T. Le Peau

Associate Editorial Director

James Hoover

Production Manager

Anne Gerth

Print Coordinator

Jim Erhart

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EAC

About Encyclopedia of Ancient Christianity

The Encyclopedia of Ancient Christianity covers eight centuries of the Christian church and comprises 3,220 entries by a team of 266 scholars from 26 countries representing a variety of Christian traditions. It draws upon such fields as archaeology, art and architecture, biography, cultural studies, ecclesiology, geography, history, philosophy, and theology.

The encyclopedia’s A-to-Z coverage extends from “Aaron (iconography)” to “Zosimus, pope” and chronologically from Christianity’s origins to Bede (d. 735) in the West and John of Damascus (d. ca. 749) in the Greek East, with detailed emphasis on the first four centuries of Christian history.

Extensive cross-referencing provides ease in exploring related articles, and helpful bibliographies, including primary sources (texts, critical editions, translations) and key secondary sources (books and journal articles), give access to the very latest in-depth scholarship in countless disciplines of study.

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