JUDE AND THE
RELATIVES OF JESUS
IN THE EARLY CHURCH

RICHARD BAUCKHAM

Published by T&T Clark International

A Continuum imprint

The Tower Building, 11 York Road, London SE1 7NX

15 East 26th Street, Suite 1703, New York, NY 10010

www.continuumbooks.com

Copyright © T&T Clark, 1990

First published 1990

This edition published 2004

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 0567082970 (paperback)

To Charlie Moule

who by his generous encouragement

and his example

introduced me to New Testament scholarship

————

Contents

Introduction

Chapter One: Who Were the Relatives of Jesus?

I Who’s who in the Gospels

II What kind of brothers?

III Judas Thomas the twin brother of Jesus?

Additional Note on the Names of the Sisters of Jesus

Chapter Two: The Relatives of Jesus in the Early Church

I The Gospels

II Travelling missionaries

III The Jerusalem bishops list

IV Symeon the son of Clopas

V The grandsons of Jude

VI Jacob of Sikhnin

VII Conon the martyr

VIII A Christian caliphate?

IX Conclusions

Chapter Three: The Letter of Jude: A Survey of Research

I Textual criticism

II Literary Relationships

III Literary form and structure

IV Theological character

V The opponents

VI Date

VII Authorship

Chapter Four: Jude’s Exegesis

I The structure of Jude’s commentary

II Exegesis of Jude’s exegesis

III Exegetical formulae

IV Exegetical techniques

V Jude’s Exegetical Links

VI Hermeneutical presuppositions

VII For comparison: 1 Peter 2:4–10

VIII Jude’s use of apocryphal literature

IX Conclusion

Chapter Five: Jude and the Testament of Moses

I Reconstructing the story Jude knew

II The evidence for the story Jude knew

III The Assumption of Moses

IV The exegesis of Jude 9

V Other possible allusions to the Testament of Moses in Jude

VI Implications of Jude’s use of the Testament of Moses

Chapter Six: Jude’s Christology

I The christological titles

II Jude 14

III Jude 4

IV Jude 5

V Conclusion

Chapter Seven: The Lukan Genealogy of Jesus

I The Enochic Dimension

II The Davidic Dimension

III The genealogy and the relatives of Jesus

IV The genealogy and the Davidssohnfrage (Mark 12:35–37)

V The genealogy in Luke

Additional Note on the Text of the Lukan Genealogy

Conclusion

Abbreviations

Bibliography

Index of Passages Cited

Index of Ancient Persons and Places

Index of Modern Authors

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Introduction

This book is a contribution to the history of Palestinian Jewish Christianity in the New Testament period. It examines only one aspect of that history: the activity and influence of the relatives of Jesus. Because the most important of these relatives, James the Lord’s brother, is the only one whose role in the ...