Saint Thomas Aquinas

THE SUMMA THEOLOGICA

Translated by Father Laurence Shapcote

of the Fathers of the English Dominican Province

Revised by Daniel J. Sullivan

VOLUME II

Robert P. Gwinn,

Publisher,

Chairman, Board of Directors

Peter B. Norton, President

Philip W. Goetz, Editor in Chief

ENCYCLOPÆDIA BRITANNICA, INC.

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The text of this edition is derived from the translation of The Summa Theologica by Fathers of the English Dominican Province by arrangement with Burns, Oates & Washbourne Ltd., London, and Benziger Brothers, Inc., New York.

The bibliographical footnotes and bibliography in this edition are derived from the Piana Edition of the Summa Theologiae published by the Dominican Fathers in Ottawa by arrangement with the Institute of Medieval Studies Albert le Grand of the University of Montreal. Copyright, 1941, by College Dominicain d’Ottawa.

THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO

The Great Books is published with the editorial advice of the faculties of The University of Chicago

No part of this work may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

First Edition © 1952

Second Edition © 1990

Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

All Rights Reserved

Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 90-80213

International Standard Book Number: 0-85229-531-6

Great Books of the Western World

Mortimer J. Adler

Editor in Chief

18

AQUINAS: II

Clifton Fadiman, Philip W. Goetz, Associate Editors

Members of the Advisory Board: Douglas Allanbrook, Jacques Barzun,

Norman Cousins, John Kenneth Galbraith, Heinz Pagels,

Anthony Quinton

GENERAL CONTENTS, VOL. II

Part I of the Second Part (Continued)

III. Treatise on Habits (QQ. 49–89)

IV. Treatise on Law (QQ. 90–108)

V. Treatise on Grace (QQ. 109–114)

Part II of the Second Part

Prologue

I. Treatise on Faith, Hope and Charity (QQ. 1–46)

II. Treatise on Active and Contemplative Life (QQ. 179–182)

III. Treatise on the States of Life (QQ. 183–189)

THIRD PART

Prologue

I. Treatise on the Incarnation (QQ. 1–26)

II. Treatise on the Sacraments (QQ. 60–65)

Supplement to the Third Part (QQ. 69–99)

I. Treatise on the Resurrection (QQ. 69–86)

II. Treatise on the Last Things (QQ. 87–99)

CONTENTS, VOLUME II

Part I of the Second Part (continued)

Treatise on Habits

1. In General

question

49. Of Habits In General, As To Their Substance

50. Of the Subject of Habits

51. Of the Cause of Habits, As To Their Formation

52. Of the Increase of Habits

53. How Habits Are Corrupted or Diminished

54. Of the Distinction of Habits

2. In Particular

(a) Good Habits—that is, Virtues

55. Of the Virtues, As To Their Essence

56. Of the Subject of Virtue

57. Of the Intellectual Virtues

58. Of the Difference Between Moral and Intellectual Virtues

59. Of Moral Virtue In Relation To The Passions

60. How ...