Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible
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EERDMANS

COMMENTARY

on the BIBLE

James D. G. Dunn

General Editor

Editor of the New Testament

John W. Rogerson

Editor of the Old Testament and Apocrypha

William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

Grand Rapids, Michigan / Cambridge, U.K.

© 2003 Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.

All rights reserved

Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.

2140 Oak Industrial Drive N.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49505 /

P.O. Box 163, Cambridge CB3 9PU U.K.

www.eerdmans.com

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Eerdmans commentary on the Bible / James D.G. Dunn, general editor; John W.

Rogerson, editor of the Old Testament and Apocrypha.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-8028-3711-0 (hardcover: alk. paper)

1. Bible—Commentaries. I. Title: Commentary on the Bible. II. Dunn, James D. G., 1939– III. Rogerson, J. W. (John William), 1935–

BS491.3.E37 2003

220.7—dc22

2003049524

A number of the Scripture quotations herein are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1989 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of Churches of Christ in the U.S.A., and are used by permission. All rights reserved.

Contents

Preface

James D. G. Dunn and John W. Rogerson

Contributors

Abbreviations

OLD TESTAMENT

The History of the Tradition: Old Testament and Apocrypha

John W. Rogerson

Premodern, Modern, and Postmodern in Old Testament Study

John A. Goldingay

Syro-Palestinian and Biblical Archeology

Deborah A. Appler and Julye Bidmead

The Pentateuch

David Noel Freedman

genesis

Gordon J. Wenham

exodus

William D. Johnstone

leviticus

Walter J. Houston

numbers

Philip J. Budd

deuteronomy

John W. Rogerson

joshua

K. Lawson Younger Jr.

judges

P. Deryn Guest

ruth

Gerald West

1 and 2 samuel

Graeme Auld

1 and 2 kings

Roger Tomes

1 and 2 chronicles

Richard J. Coggins

ezra

Lester L. Grabbe

nehemiah

Lester L. Grabbe

esther

Sidnie White Crawford

job

Katharine J. Dell

psalms

Willem S. Prinsloo

proverbs

Ronald E. Clements

ecclesiastes

John Jarick

song of songs

John W. Rogerson

Introduction to Prophetic Literature

Paul L. Redditt

isaiah

Margaret Barker

jeremiah

A. R. Pete Diamond

lamentations

David J. A. Clines

ezekiel

John A. Goldingay

daniel

Iain Provan

hosea

Grace I. Emmerson

joel

Anthony Gelston

amos

M. Daniel Carroll R.

obadiah

Anthony Gelston

jonah

David Gunn

micah

John W. Rogerson

nahum

John W. Rogerson

habakkuk

Anthony Gelston

zephaniah

Anthony Gelston

haggai

John W. Rogerson

zechariah

John W. Rogerson

malachi

M. Daniel Carroll R.

OLD TESTAMENT APOCRYPHA

tobit

Lester L. Grabbe

judith

Gerald West

greek esther

John Jarick

the wisdom of solomon

A. Peter Hayman

sirach

John Snaith

baruch

John J. Schmitt

additions to daniel

John W. Rogerson

1 maccabees

John R. Bartlett

2 maccabees

John R. Bartlett

1 esdras

Hugh G. M. Williamson

prayer of manasseh

Philip R. Davies

psalm

Alison Salvesen

3 maccabees

Philip S. Alexander

2 esdras

John J. Schmitt

4 maccabees

David A. deSilva

PSEUDEPIGRAPHA

Introduction to the Pseudepigrapha

James R. Mueller

1 enoch

Daniel ...

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ECB

About Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible

No one familiar with the Bible needs to be told that it is a truly remarkable work. But it takes help to understand this ancient collection of diverse forms of literature written by different people across many centuries. The Eerdmans Commentary on the Bible (ECB) is the finest, most up-to-date single-volume Bible handbook now available.

Written by world-class Bible scholars, the ECB encapsulates in nontechnical language the best of modern scholarship on the 66 biblical books plus the Apocrypha. The only one-volume Bible commentary to cover all the texts (even including 1 Enoch) regarded by one or more Christian churches as canonical, the ECB provides reader-friendly treatments and succinct summaries of each section of the text that will be valuable to scholars, students and general readers alike.

The primary objective of this work is to clarify the meaning of each section of the Bible. Rather than attempting a verse-by-verse analysis (virtually impossible in a one-volume work), the ECBfocuses on principal units of meaning—narrative, parable, prophetic oracle, section of argument, and so on—highlighting their interconnectedness with the rest of the biblical text. The volume also addresses and answers major issues—including the range of possible interpretations—and refers readers to the best fuller discussions. Beyond providing reliable, informative commentary, this hefty volume also includes thirteen introductory and context-setting articles that do justice to the biblical documents both as historical sources and as scriptures.

The 67 contributors to the ECB come from a wide variety of backgrounds and are acknowledged leaders in the field of biblical studies. Their contributions stand out either for their fresh interpretations of the evidence, or for their way of asking new questions of the text, or for their new angles of approach. While the translation of choice is the New Revised Standard Version, many of the contributors offer their own vivid translations of the original Hebrew or Greek.

Cutting-edge, comprehensive, and ecumenical, the ECB is both a fitting climax to the rich body of interconfessional work undertaken in the latter part of the twentieth century and a worthy launching pad for biblical study in the twenty-first.

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