The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible
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THE

Dead Sea Scrolls

Bible

The Oldest Known Bible

Translated for the First Time into English

MARTIN ABEGG, JR.,

PETER FLINT, AND

EUGENE ULRICH

HarperOne

An Imprint of HarperCollins Publishers

HarperOne

the dead sea scrolls bible: The Oldest Known Bible Translated for the First Time into English. Copyright © 1999 by Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. For information address HarperCollins Publishers, 10 East 53rd Street, New York, NY 10022.

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bible. O.T. English. Abegg et al. 1999.

The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible: the oldest known Bible translated for the first time into English [by] Martin Abegg, Jr., Peter Flint, and Eugene Ulrich.—1st ed.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references.

ISBN 978-0-06-060064-8

1. Bible. O.T. Hebrew—Versions—Dead Sea scrolls—Translations into English.

I. Abegg, Martin G. II. Flint, Peter W. III. Ulrich, Eugene Charles, 1938–.

IV. Title.

BS895.A24 1999

221.4´4—dc21 99–26866

For our children:

Stephanie and Jennifer

Claire, Amy, Abigail, and Jason

Sabrina, Ivan, Meg, and Laura

Contents

Introduction

How to Read This Book

Torah

Genesis

Exodus

Leviticus

Numbers

Deuteronomy

Jubilees

Prophets

Joshua

Judges

Samuel

Kings

Isaiah

Jeremiah

Ezekiel

The Book of the Twelve Minor Prophets

Hosea

Joel

Amos

Obadiah

Jonah

Micah

Nahum

Habakkuk

Zephaniah

Haggai

Zechariah

Malachi

1 Enoch

Daniel

Other Books

Psalms

Job

Proverbs

Ben Sira (Sirach)

Ruth

The Song of Songs (Canticles)

Qohelet (Ecclesiastes)

Lamentations

The Epistle of Jeremiah

Esther

Chronicles

Ezra-Nehemiah

Tobit

Bibliography

Introduction

At the time of Jesus and rabbi Hillel—the origins of Christianity and rabbinic Judaism—there was, and there was not, a “Bible.” This critical period, and the nature of the Bible in that period, have been freshly illuminated by the biblical Dead Sea Scrolls.

There was a Bible in the sense that there were certain sacred books widely recognized by Jews as foundational to their religion and supremely authoritative for religious practice. There was not, however, a Bible in the sense that the leaders of the general Jewish community had specifically considered, debated, and definitively decided the full range of which books were supremely and permanently authoritative and which ones—no matter how sublime, useful, or beloved—were not. The collection or collections of the Scriptures varied from group to group and from time to time. All Jews would have recognized ...

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About The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible

The Dead Sea Scrolls Bible provides a translation of the biblical manuscripts of the Dead Sea Scrolls. This is the first English translation of the earliest Biblical documents ever discovered. Up until the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls in the cave of Qumran, the oldest Bible dated from the 11th century, A.D. Thus, the Dead Sea Scrolls Bible is over 1,000 years older than the previously oldest known Biblical texts. The Qumran manuscripts preserve parts of every book in the Hebrew Bible (except the Book of Esther)—however, they contain a number of differences in wording from the canonical texts as well as passages that were assumed to be lost forever. This volume is the perfect companion of The Dead Sea Scrolls: A New Translation, which contains English translations of the non-biblical scrolls.

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Table of Contents