Revelation

Thomas R. Schreiner

BAKER EXEGETICAL COMMENTARY ON THE NEW TESTAMENT

a division of Baker Publishing Group

Grand Rapids, Michigan

© 2023 by Thomas R. Schreiner

Published by Baker Academic

a division of Baker Publishing Group

Grand Rapids, Michigan

www.bakeracademic.com

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Schreiner, Thomas R., author.

Title: Revelation / Thomas R. Schreiner.

Description: Grand Rapids, Michigan : Baker Academic, a division of Baker Publishing Group, [2023] | Series: Baker exegetical commentary on the New Testament | Includes bibliographical references and indexes.

Identifiers: LCCN 2022059981 | ISBN 9781540960504 (cloth) | ISBN 9781493441730 (ebook) | ISBN 9781493441747 (pdf)

Subjects: LCSH: Bible. Revelation—Commentaries.

Classification: LCC BS2825.53 .S374 2023 | DDC 228/.07—dc23/eng/20230317

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2022059981

Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations are the author’s translation.

Scripture quotations labeled CSB have been taken from the Christian Standard Bible®, copyright © 2017 by Holman Bible Publishers. Used by permission. Christian Standard Bible® and CSB® are federally registered trademarks of Holman Bible Publishers.

Scripture quotations labeled ESV are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved. ESV Text Edition: 2016

Scripture quotations labeled KJV are from the King James Version of the Bible.

Scripture quotations labeled NIV are from THE HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®, NIV® Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.® Used by permission. All rights reserved worldwide.

Scripture quotations labeled NRSV are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1989 National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

BAKER EXEGETICAL COMMENTARY ON THE NEW TESTAMENT

ROBERT W. YARBROUGH and JOSHUA W. JIPP, EDITORS

To my grandchildren:

Sam, Iris, Willa, Lydia,

Kesid, Julianna, Canaan, Maria,

Thomas, Isabella, and James

for all the joy they bring

Contents

Series Preface

Author’s Preface

Abbreviations

Transliteration

Map

Introduction to Revelation

I. Introduction and Seven Letters (1:1–3:22)

A. Prologue (1:1–8)

B. Vision of the Son of Man (1:9–20)

C. Letters to the Seven Churches (2:1–3:22)

II. Visions in the Throne Room (4:1–5:14)

A. God as the Holy Creator (4:1–11)

B. The Lamb as the Slaughtered and Risen Redeemer (5:1–14)

III. The Seven Seals (6:1–8:5)

A. The First Six Seals (6:1–17)

B. Interlude (7:1–17)

C. The Seventh Seal and ...