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BAKER COMMENTARY on the OLD TESTAMENT

Proverbs

Tremper Longman III

Baker Academic

Grand Rapids, Michigan

© 2006 by Tremper Longman III

Published by Baker Academic

a division of Baker Publishing Group

P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287

www.bakeracademic.com

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Longman, Tremper.

Proverbs / Tremper Longman III.

p. cm.—(Baker commentary on the Old Testament wisdom and Psalms)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 10: 0-8010-2692-X (cloth)

ISBN 978-0-8010-2692-8 (cloth)

1. Bible. O.T. Proverbs—Commentaries. I. Title. II. Series.

BS1465.53.L66 2006

223′.7077—dc22

2005035242

Scripture quotations labeled NIV are from the HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations labeled NLT are from the Holy Bible, New Living Translation, copyright © 1996. Used by permission of Tyndale House Publishers, Inc., Wheaton, Illinois 60189. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations labeled NRSV are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright 1989, Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

To Gabrielle Gagnon Longman,

born to Tremper and Jill Longman

on March 17, 2005

Grandchildren are the crown of the elderly,

and the glory of children is their parents.

Proverbs 17:6

Contents

Series Preface

Author’s Preface

Abbreviations

Introduction

Part 1: Extended Discourses on Wisdom (1:1–9:18)

Chapter 1

Chapter 2

Chapter 3

Chapter 4

Chapter 5

Chapter 6

Chapter 7

Chapter 8

Chapter 9

Part 2: Proverbs of Solomon: Collection I (10:1–22:16)

Chapter 10

Chapter 11

Chapter 12

Chapter 13

Chapter 14

Chapter 15

Chapter 16

Chapter 17

Chapter 18

Chapter 19

Chapter 20

Chapter 21

Chapter 22A

Part 3: Sayings of the Wise (22:17–24:34)

Chapter 22B

Chapter 23

Chapter 24

Part 4: Proverbs of Solomon: Collection II (25:1–29:27)

Chapter 25

Chapter 26

Chapter 27

Chapter 28

Chapter 29

Part 5: Sayings of Agur and King Lemuel and Poem to the Virtuous Woman (30:1–31:31)

Chapter 30

Chapter 31

Appendix: Topical Studies

Alcohol

Anger

Appropriate Expression of Emotions

Appropriate Use of Words

Bribes/Gifts

Business Ethics

Family Relationships

Fights and Conflicts

Friendship/Neighbors

Guidance/Planning/Looking to the Future

Illness and Health

Kings/Authority

Laziness and Hard Work

Lies

Messengers

Openness to Listening to Advice

Physical Discipline

Positive Influence of the Righteous/Negative of the Wicked

Prayer/Sacrifice/Vows

Pride/Humility

Protection of the Socially Vulnerable

Psychological ...

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About Proverbs

In Proverbs, Old Testament scholar Tremper Longman III offers an accessible commentary on one of Scripture’s most frequently quoted and visited books. With his deft exegetical and expositional skill, the resulting work is full of fresh insight into the meaning of the text.

In addition to the helpful translation and commentary, Longman considers the theological implications of these wisdom texts, as well as their literary, historical, and grammatical dimensions. Footnotes allow readers of varying interest and training levels to read and profit from the commentary and to engage the biblical text at an appropriate level.

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