The Abridgment of Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics

The Basics of New Testament Syntax

An Intermediate Greek Grammar

Daniel B.

WALLACE

GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN 49530 USA

The Basics of New Testament Syntax

Copyright © 2000 by Daniel B. Wallace

Requests for information should be addressed to:

Zondervan, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49530

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Wallace, Daniel B.

The basics of New Testament syntax: an intermediate Greek grammar / Daniel B. Wallace.

p. cm.

“Abridgment of Greek grammar beyond the basics: an exegetical syntax of the New Testament”—P.1.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-310-23229-5 (hardcover)

1. Greek language, Biblical—Syntax. 2. Greek language, Biblical—Grammar. 3. Bible. N.T.—Language, style. I. Wallace, Daniel B. Greek grammar beyond the basics. II. Title.

PA851.W338 2000

487’.4—dc

00–029003

CIP

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopy, recording, or any other—except for brief quotations in printed reviews, without the prior permission of the publisher.

To Pati

CONTENTS

Illustrations

Abbreviations

Preface

The Language of the New Testament

Syntax of Words and Phrases

Part I: Syntax of Nouns and Nominals

The Cases

The Cases: An Introduction

Nominative Case

Vocative Case

Genitive Case

Dative Case

Accusative Case

The Article

Part I: Origin, Function, Regular Uses, Absence

Part II: Special Uses and Non-Uses of the Article

Adjectives

Pronouns

Prepositions

Part II: Syntax of Verbs and Verbals

Person and Number

Voice

Active

Middle

Passive

Mood

Indicative

Subjunctive

Optative

Imperative

Tense

The Tenses: An Introduction

Present

Imperfect

Aorist

Future

Perfect and Pluperfect

The Infinitive

The Participle

Syntax of the Clause

Introduction to Greek Clauses

The Role of Conjunctions

Special Studies in the Clauses

Conditional Sentences

Volitional Clauses (Commands and Prohibitions)

Subject Index/Cheat Sheet

Scripture Index

ILLUSTRATIONS

Tables

1. Literary Levels of New Testament Authors

2. Five-Case System Vs. Eight-Case System

3. The Functions of the Adjective

4. Attributive and Predicate Positions of the Adjective

5. How Agency is Expressed in the New Testament

6. The Semantics of the Moods Compared

7. English Tenses in Direct and Indirect Discourse

8. The Semantics of Deliberative Questions

9. The Forms of the Periphrastic Participle

10. The Structure of Conditions

Charts, Figures, and Diagrams

1. The Multifaceted Nature of New Testament Greek

2. Frequency of Case-Forms in the New Testament

3. Frequency of Cases in the New Testament (Nominative)

4. Semantic Relation of Subject and Predicate Nominative

5. Frequency of Cases in the New Testament (Vocative)

6. Frequency of Cases in the New Testament (Genitive)

7. The Relation of Descriptive Genitive to Various Other Genitive Uses

8. The Semantics of the Attributive Genitive

9. A Semantic Diagram ...

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About The Basics of New Testament Syntax: An Intermediate Greek Grammar

Basics of New Testament Syntax provides concise, up-to-date guidance for intermediate Greek students to do accurate exegesis of biblical texts. Abridged from Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament, the popular exegetical Greek grammar for studies in Greek by Daniel B. Wallace, The Basics of New Testament Syntax offers a practical grammar for second-year students. By showing the relevance of syntax for exegesis, this volume is perfect for preparing students to step into deeper, more practical Greek application.

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Table of Contents