THE ANCHOR YALE BIBLE

ROMANS

A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary

JOSEPH A. FITZMYER, S.J.

VOLUME 33

the anchor yale bible

Yale University Press

New Haven and London

First published in 1993 by Doubleday, a division of Random House, Inc. First Yale University Press impression 2008.

Copyright © 1993 by Yale University as assignee from Doubleday, a division of Random House, Inc.

All rights reserved.

This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, including illustrations, in any form (beyond that copying permitted by Sections 107 and 108 of the U.S. Copyright Law and except by reviewers for the public press), without written permission from the publishers.

IMPRIMI POTEST

Reverend Edward Glynn, S.J.

Praepositus Provinciae Marylandiae

NIHIL OBSTAT

Reverend James Walsh, S.J.

Censor Deputatus

IMPRIMATUR

Reverend Msgr. William J. Kane

Vicar General for the Archdiocese of Washington

28 April 1992

The nihil obstat and imprimatur are official declarations that a book or pamphlet is free of doctrinal or moral error. No implication is contained therein that those who have granted the nihil obstat and the imprimatur agree with the content, opinions, or statements expressed.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Bible. N.T. Romans. English. Fitzmyer. 1993.

Romans: a new translation with introduction and commentary / Joseph A. Fitzmyer.—1st ed.

p. cm.—(The Anchor Bible; 33)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

1. Bible. N.T. Romans—Commentaries. I. Fitzmyer, Joseph A. II. Title. III. Series Bible. English. Anchor Bible. 1964; v. 33.

BS192.2.A1 1964.G3 vol. 33

[BS2663]

220.7′7s—dc20

[227′.1077]

92-29702

CIP

ISBN 978-0-300-14078-1

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

Piae memoriae

magistrorum meorum

americanorum, belgicorum, romanorum

Contents

Preface

Principal Abbreviations

Grammatical Abbreviations

Other Abbreviations

TO THE ROMANS: TRANSLATION

INTRODUCTION

I. Rome and Roman Christians

II. Authorship

III. The Text

IV. Unity and Integrity

V. Occasion and Purpose

VI. Date and Place of Composition

VII. Language and Style

VIII. Structure and Outline

IX. Pauline Teaching in Romans

A. Theology Proper, Teaching about God

B. Christology, Teaching about Christ Jesus and His Role in God’s Salvific Plan

C. Pneumatology, Teaching about the Holy Spirit

D. Anthropology, Teaching about Human Beings Without and with the Influence of the Gospel

E. Christian Conduct, or Teaching about the Call of Humanity to Spirit-Guided Existence

General Bibliography

TRANSLATION, COMMENTARY, AND NOTES

Introduction (1:1–15)

1. Address and Greeting (1:1–7)

2. Thanksgiving (1:8–9)

3. Proem: Paul’s Desire to Come to Rome (1:10–15)

I. DOCTRINAL SECTION: GOD’S GOSPEL OF JESUS CHRIST OUR LORD (1:16–11:36)

A. Through the Gospel the Uprightness of God Is Revealed as Justifying People of Faith (1:16–4:25)

4. Theme Announced: The Gospel Is the Powerful Source of Salvation for All, Disclosing God’s Uprightness (1:16–17)

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AYB 33

About Romans: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary

Outside of the Gospels themselves, there is no single Christian document whose influence has been greater than Paul’s epistle to the Romans. Its explosive character has changed lives—Augustine’s, Martin Luther’s, Karl Barth’s, to name a few—and precipitated revolutions.

This full-scale commentary deals with the most important issues of the early Christian church. And it is through the eyes of the Apostle Paul, the major figure of this period, that we see dominant motifs and themes, the theological essentials of the Christian faith. Who better than the once pious Jew, converted to the Christian cause, to tell the reader about the early struggles with Judaism, the reluctant yet nurturing mother of this new community of faith?

This volume is aimed primarily at Christians, because the letter to the Romans is a part of their canon of Holy Scripture. But it is equally valuable for all those who have an interest in learning about one of the most important letters ever written by anyone, and in understanding the world-shaking movement of which it was an essential part, and to which it gave powerful impetus.

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