Across

the

Spectrum

Understanding Issues in Evangelical Theology

Second Edition

Gregory A. Boyd

And Paul R. Eddy

Baker Acadamic

a division of Baker Publishing Group

Grand Rapids, Michigan

© 2002, 2009 by Gregory A. Boyd and Paul R. Eddy

Published by Baker Academic

a division of Baker Publishing Group

P.O. Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287

www.bakeracademic.com

Second edition published in 2009

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Boyd, Gregory A., 1957–

Across the spectrum: understanding issues in evangelical theology / Gregory A. Boyd & Paul R. Eddy.—2nd ed.

p. cm.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-0-8010-3793-1 (pbk.)

1. Evangelicalism. 2. Theology, Doctrinal. I. Eddy, Paul R. II. Title.

BR1640.B69 2009

230′.04624—dc22

2009010396

Unless otherwise indicated, Scripture quotations are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1989, by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.

Scripture quotations labeled NIV are from the HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved.

To

our children,

Denay, Alisha, and Nathan,

and Jordan, Juston, and Rachel,

and to

our grandchildren,

Soel and Sage,

and Rylie

Contents

Acknowledgments

Preface to the Second Edition

Introduction

1 The Inerrancy Debate

Without Error of Any Kind (The Inerrantist View)

Infallible in Matters of Faith and Practice (The Infallibilist View)

2 The Providence Debate

All Things Happen according to God’s Sovereign Will (The Calvinist View)

God Limits His Control by Granting Freedom (The Arminian View)

3 The Foreknowledge Debate

God Foreknows Future Free Actions (The Arminian View)

God Foreknows by Sovereignly Ordaining the Future (The Calvinist View)

God Foreknows All That Shall Be and All That May Be (The Open View)

4 The Genesis Debate

Created in the Recent Past (The Young Earth View)

A Very Old Work of Art (The Day-Age View)

Restoring a Destroyed Creation (The Restoration View)

Literary Theme over Literal Chronology (The Literary Framework View)

5 The Divine Image Debate

The Image of God Is the Soul (The Substantival View)

The Image of God Is Our God-Given Authority (The Functional View)

The Image of God Is Our Relationality (The Relational View)

6 The Christology Debate

The Unavoidable Paradox of the God-man (The Classical View)

Christ Relinquished His Divine Prerogatives (The Kenotic View)

7 The Atonement Debate

Christ Died in Our Place (The Penal Substitution View)

Christ Destroyed Satan and His Works ...