Confronting Technology

The Theology of Jacques Ellul

Matthew T. Prior

Confronting Technology

The Theology of Jacques Ellul

Princeton Theological Monograph Series 243

Copyright © 2020 Matthew T. Prior. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in critical publications or reviews, no part of this book may be reproduced in any manner without prior written permission from the publisher. Write: Permissions, Wipf and Stock Publishers, 199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3, Eugene, OR 97401.

Pickwick Publications

An Imprint of Wipf and Stock Publishers

199 W. 8th Ave., Suite 3

Eugene, OR 97401

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paperback isbn: 978-1-5326-7145-6

hardcover isbn: 978-1-5326-7146-3

ebook isbn: 978-1-5326-7147-0

Cataloguing-in-Publication data:

Names: Prior, Matthew T., author.

Title: Confronting technology : the theology of Jacques Ellul / by Matthew T. Prior.

Description: Eugene, OR : Pickwick Publications, 2020 | Princeton Theological Monograph Series 243 | Includes bibliographical references.

Identifiers: isbn 978-1-5326-7145-6 (paperback) | isbn 978-1-5326-7146-3 (hardcover) | isbn 978-1-5326-7147-0 (ebook)

Subjects: LCSH: Ellul Jacques—1912–1994. | Technology and civilization. | Technology—Social aspects.

Classification: BR115.T42 P75 2020 (print) | BR115.T42 P75 (ebook)

Manufactured in the U.S.A.03/10/20

Table of Contents

Title Page

Acknowledgments

Abbreviations and Notes on Translation

Introduction

Why Do We Need a Theology of Technology?

Technology and the Cultural Mandate

Technology and Eschatology

Who Was Jacques Ellul?

Technique and Technology

Hearing the Word in an Age of Technique: Ellul’s “Dialectic of Sociology and Theology”

1. Not by Sociology Alone

Theology as the Key to Jacques Ellul?

Ellul: The Marxist Theologian?

Ellul, the Biblical Dialectician

Ellul: The Barthian Sociologist?

The Bible as the Key: Speaking a Living Word

A “Faithful Betrayal”

Ellul: A Twentieth-Century Kierkegaard?

Internal Dialectics and Revolutionary Texts

Conclusion

2. Rupture

Erasing Cain Cain, the Primordial Technologist?

Ellul’s Theological Hermeneutic: Canon, Myth, and Apocalypse

Canon

Myth

Apocalypse

Does Ellul Go Too Far?

The Canonical Cain

The Mythological Cain

The Apocalyptic Cain

From Cain to Christ: Judgment and Desacralization

Desacralizing Jerusalem

Jesus: Homeless in the City

Jesus’ Approach to the “Mass Society”

Incarnation as Desacralization, Adoption, and Substitution

From Christ to New Jerusalem: Recapitulation and Reconciliation

Conclusion

3. Apocalypse Then

The Architecture of Revelation The Revelation of the Powers and of Divine Non-Power

Apocalypse When?

Apocalyse Then: The Destruction of the Powers and Universal Salvation

What Are the Powers?

The Incarnations of the Powers

Ellul, Barth, and Das Nichtige

The Chaoskampf and ...

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About Confronting Technology: The Theology of Jacques Ellul

We are living through a digital revolution which already touches every area of life and will continue to shape the future in as yet unforeseen ways. Digital technologies are an ordinary part of daily life, and yet they also present an unprecedented challenge to Christians to articulate a biblical, theological framework to navigate times of rapid change. The work of the French theologian Jacques Ellul is a theological time-bomb primed for times like these. Accounts of Ellul's career often divide off his sociology and theology, but this book argues that Ellul conceived a single project of bringing technology into confrontation with the Word of God, tackling the phenomenon he named technique, the pursuit of maximal power and efficiency implicit in the technological enterprise, with a profound depth of biblical and ethical insight. Centering himself on the apocalypse or revelation of Jesus Christ in history, Ellul offers a monumental, timely (though far from flawless) contribution to contemporary ethical debates about the uses and abuses of technologies. His work blazes a trail that Christians and all concerned for the future would do well to follow, as we avoid both the naivety of "technological neutrality" and the dread of "technological determinism."

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Table of Contents