VINE’S

COMPLETE

EXPOSITORY

DICTIONARY

OF OLD AND NEW

TESTAMENT WORDS

W.E. VINE,

MERRILL F. UNGER, WILLIAM WHITE, JR.

thomas nelson publishers

Nashville • Atlanta • London • Vancouver

Scripture quotations in this publication appear from the following Bible versions:

The New English Bible. © The Delegates of the Oxford University Press and the Syndics of the Cambridge University Press 1961, 1970. Reprinted by permission.

Today’s English Version Bible—Old Testament. Copyright © American Bible Society 1976. used by permission.

The New American Standard Bible. © The Lockman Foundation 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977 and are used by permission.

The Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyrighted 1946, 1952, © 1971, 1973 by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of Churches of Christ in the U.S.A.

King James Version. Thomas Nelson, Inc., Publishers.

Holy Bible: New International Version. Copyright © 1978 by the New York International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Bible Publishers.

The Jerusalem Bible. Copyright © by Darton, Longmann, and Todd, Ltd. and Doubleday and Co.

The New American Bible. Copyright © 1969, 1970. Confraternity of Christian Doctrine.

Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words, © 1984, 1996, Thomas Nelson, Inc., Nashville, TN; a compilation work published under an exclusive arrangement with W.E. Vine Copyright Ltd. of Bath, England. First Published in 1985 by Thomas Nelson, Inc., as a compilation of Vine’s Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words, © 1968, which copyright is now restored by the GATT Treaty to W.E. Vine Copyright Ltd., Bath, England; and Nelson’s Expository Dictionary of the Old Testament, © 1980, Thomas Nelson, Inc., and Topical Index © 1996, W.E. Vine Copyright Ltd. of Bath, England.

All rights reserved. Written permission must be secured from the publisher to use or reproduce any part of this book, except for brief quotations in critical reviews or articles.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Vine, W.E. (William Edwy), 1873–1949.

[Complete expository dictionary]

Vine’s complete expository dictionary

p. cm.

ISBN 0-78521160-8

Bible—Dictionaries. I. Title

BS440.S746 1996

220.3—dc20 96–8956

CIP

Nelson’s Expository Dictionary

of the

Old Testament

Edited by

Merrill F. Unger, Th.M., Th.D., Ph.D.

William White, Jr., Th.M., Ph.D.

contributors

Gleason Archer

E. Clark Copeland

Leonard Coppes

Louis Goldberg

R. K. Harrison

Horace Hummel

George Kufeldt

Eugene H. Merrill

Walter Roehrs

Raymond Surburg

Willem van Gemeren

Donald Wold

FOREWORD

The Expository Dictionary of the Old Testament will be a useful tool in the hands of the student who has little or no formal training in the Hebrew language. It will open up the treasures of truth that often lie buried in the original language of the Old Testament, sometimes close to the surface and sometimes deeply imbedded far beneath the surface.

The student trained in Hebrew will find ...