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The Gospel

according to

MARK

James R. Edwards

William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

Grand Rapids, Michigan / Cambridge, U.K.

© 2002 Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.

255 Jefferson Ave. S.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503 /

P.O. Box 163, Cambridge CB3 9PU U.K.

All rights reserved

www.eerdmans.com

First published 2002 in the United States of America by

Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Co.

and in the United Kingdom by

APOLLOS

38 De Montfort Street, Leicester, England LE1 7GP

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Edwards, James R.

The Gospel according to Mark / James R. Edwards.

p. cm.—(The Pillar New Testament commentary)

Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 0-8028-3734-4 (cloth: alk. paper)

1. Bible. N.T. Mark—Commentaries.

I. Title. II. Series.

BS2585.3.E39 2002

226.3′07—dc21

2001040535

British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.

ISBN 0-85111-778-3

Scripture taken from the HOLY BIBLE: NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Publishing House.

To my mother,

Mary Eleanor Callison Edwards,

who, in accordance with Hebrews 13:7,

first spoke to me the word of God,

and whose life has been an inspiration to my faith.

Contents

Series Preface

Author’s Preface

Abbreviations

Frequently Cited Works

1. HISTORY OF THE INTERPRETATION OF MARK

2. AUTHORSHIP AND PLACE OF COMPOSITION

4. HISTORICAL CONTEXT

5. DISTINCTIVE LITERARY CHARACTERISTICS

5.2. Sandwich Technique

6. JESUS IN THE GOSPEL OF MARK

6.1. The Authority of Jesus

6.2. Servant of the Lord

6.3. Son of God

7. DISTINCTIVE THEMES

7.1. Discipleship

7.3. Insiders and Outsiders

7.5. Command to Silence

8. NARRATIVE STRUCTURE

COMMENTARY ON MARK

1. THE GOSPEL APPEARS IN PERSON (1:1–13)

2. BEGINNINGS OF THE GALILEAN MINISTRY (1:14–45)

Excursus: The Secrecy Motif and Jesus’ Messianic Self-Consciousness (1:34)

3. TROUBLE WITH THE AUTHORITIES (2:1–3:12)

Excursus: Son of Man (2:12)

Excursus: Divine Man (3:12)

4. INSIDERS AND OUTSIDERS (3:13–4:34)

5. “ ‘WHO THEN IS THIS?’ ” (4:35–6:6a)

6. WITNESS TO JEWS (6:6b–7:23)

7. WITNESS TO GENTILES (7:24–8:9)

8. REMOVING THE VEIL (8:10–9:29)

Excursus: Christ (8:31)

Excursus: How Should the Transfiguration Be Understood? (9:8)

9. MERE DISCIPLESHIP (9:30–50)

10. “ON THE WAY” THROUGH JUDEA (10:1–52)

11. THE BARREN TEMPLE (11:1–26)

12. JESUS AND THE SANHEDRIN (11:27–12:44)

13. WATCHFULNESS IN TRIBULATION AND TRIUMPH (13:1–37)

14. THE ABANDONMENT OF JESUS (14:1–72)

Excursus: Women in the Gospel of Mark (14:9)

15. THE CROSS AND THE EMPTY TOMB (15:1–16:8)

Excursus: Pontius Pilate (15:1)

Excursus: The Son of God (15:39)

16. THE LONGER ENDING OF MARK (16:9–20)

APPENDIX: THE SECRET GOSPEL OF MARK

EXTRABIBLICAL LITERATURE

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About The Gospel according to Mark

This volume offers exceptional commentary on Mark that clearly shows the second Gospel—though it was a product of the earliest Christian community—to be both relevant and sorely needed in today's church.

Written by a biblical scholar who has devoted thirty years to the study of the second Gospel, this commentary aims primarily to interpret the Gospel of Mark according to its theological intentions and purposes, especially as they relate to the life and ministry of Jesus and the call to faith and discipleship. Unique features of James Edwards's approach include clear descriptions of key terms used by Mark and revealing discussion of the Gospel's literary features, including Mark's use of the "sandwich" technique and of imagistic motifs and irony. Edwards also proposes a new paradigm for interpreting the difficult "Little Apocalypse" of chapter 13, and he argues for a new understanding of Mark's controversial ending.

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