The ENCYCLOPEDIA

of CHRISTIANITY

Volume 1–3

editors	Erwin Fahlbusch Jan Milič Lochman John Mbiti Jaroslav Pelikan Lukas Vischer
translator and English-language editor	Geoffrey W. Bromiley
statistical editor	David B. Barrett
foreword	Jaroslav Pelikan
William B. Eerdmans	Grand Rapids, Michigan /
Publishing Company	Cambridge, U.K.
Brill	Leiden / Boston

Originally published in German as Evangelisches Kirchenlexikon, Dritte Auflage (Neufassung)

© 1986, 1989, 1992, 1996, 1997

Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen, Germany

English translation © 1999, 2001, 2003 by Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company and Koninklijke Brill NV

Published jointly 1999, 2001, 2003 by Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company

255 Jefferson Ave. S.E., Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503

and by Koninklijke Brill NV Leiden, the Netherlands

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publishers.

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Evangelisches Kirchenlexikon. English.

The encyclopedia of Christianity / editors, Erwin Fahlbusch … [et al.];

translator and English-language editor, Geoffrey W. Bromiley;

statistical editor, David B. Barrett; foreword, Jaroslav Pelikan.

p. cm.

Includes index.

Contents: v. 1. A–D.

ISBN 0-8028-2413-7 (cloth: v. 1.: alk. paper)

1. Christianity—Encyclopedias. I. Fahlbusch, Erwin. II. Bromiley, Geoffrey William. III. Title.

Contents: v. 2. E–I.

ISBN 0-8028-2414-5 (cloth: v. 2.: alk. paper)

1. Christianity—Encyclopedias. I. Fahlbusch, Erwin. II. Bromiley, Geoffrey William. III. Title.

Contents: v. 3. J–O.

ISBN 0-8028-2415-3 (cloth: v. 3: alk. paper)

1. Christianity—Encyclopedias. I. Fahlbusch, Erwin. II. Bromiley, Geoffrey William. III. Title.

BR95.E8913 1999, 2001, 2003

230´.003—DC21

98-45953

CIP

Brill ISBN 90 04 11316 9

Contents

List of Entries

Foreword, by Jaroslav Pelikan

Publishers’ Preface

Publishers’ Note to Volume Two

Introduction

Alphabetization

Statistics

Cross-references

Bibliographies

Consulting Editors

Contributors Vol 1

Contributors Vol 2

Contributors Vol 3

Abbreviations

Biblical Books, with the Apocrypha

Old Testament Pseudepigrapha

Early Church Writings, with Nag Hammadi Tractates

Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Texts

Orders and Tractates in Mishnaic and Related Literature (Classical Targums and Rabbinic Writings)

Other Ancient, Medieval, and Early Modern Writings

Modern Publications and Editions

States and Provinces

General

Entries A–O

List of Entries

This list does not include headings that simply refer the reader to a cross-reference.

Abbot, Abbess

Abortion

Abortion Counseling

Abraham

Absolute, The

Acathistus

Acclamation

Acculturation

Achievement and Competition

Acoemetae

Act

Action Theory

Acts of the Apostles

Adam

Adiaphora

Adulthood

Adventists

Aesthetics

Afghanistan

Africa

African Theology

Afro-American Cults

Aggression

Agnosticism

Agrapha...