(since Theognis 1, 47: en de dikaiosynē syllēbdēn pasa aretē estin). On the one hand, it denotes the quality of the righteous man (dikaiosynē dikastikē being righteousness according to the law), but, on the other hand, it is in itself the → standard which a judge is required to uphold, and which it must be his aim constantly to restore. Thus it is impartial justice, described by Aristotle as hōs ho nomos, as the law (Rhet. 1, 9p, 1366b, 9 ff.). It is one of the four cardinal virtues, along