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Israelite Calendar

Month

Biblical Name

Modern Equivalent

References

1

Nisan/Abib*

Mar–Apr

Exod 13:4; 23:15; 34:18; Deut 16:1; Neh 2:1; Esth 3:7

2

Iyyar/Ziv*

Apr–May

1 Kgs 6:1, 37

3

Sivan

May–Jun

Esth 8:9

4

Tammuz

Jun–Jul

none

5

Ab

Jul–Aug

none

6

Elul

Aug–Sep

Neh 6:15

7

Tishri/Ethanim*

Sep–Oct

1 Kgs 8:2

8

Heshvan/Bul*

Oct–Nov

1 Kgs 6:38

9

Kislev

Nov–Dec

Neh 1:1; Zech 7:1

10

Tebeth

Dec–Jan

Esth 2:16

11

Shebat

Jan–Feb

Zech 1:7

12

Adar

Feb–Mar

Ezra 6:15; Esth 3:7, 13; 8:12; 9:1, 15, 17, 19, 21

13

Second Adar†

Mar–Apr

none

* Those with two names include the Babylonian name first and Canaanite name second.

† Since the lunar calendar is 11 days shorter than the solar calendar, an extra month was added between Adar and Nisan seven times in each 19-year cycle.

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